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Old August 12th, 2012, 11:40 AM   #1972
Ennath
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August 12, 1939
Diplomatic Relations An Anglo-French military mission begins talks in Moscow. They continue until August 19, but no agreement is reached because of the dispute over stationing Soviet troops in Poland.

August 12, 1940
Battle of Britain There are German raids on Portsmouth and the British airfields in Kent at Manston, Lympne, and Hawkinge. The radar station at Ventnor on the Isle of Wight is put out of action for two weeks. This leaves a significant gap in the British radar coverage. The Germans fully understand the technical capabilities of radar, but they do not envisage that its contribution to fighter defense can be as great as is in fact the case. The Germans have no precise equivalent of the British operations direction rooms in the sector stations which are essential to the proper interpretation and dissemination of radar information, backed by standard human observers, and which enables senior ground officers to manage their squadrons efficiently. The Germans believe too that the radar masts are more difficult to destroy than they really are. Losses for the day are 22 British and 31 German.
Russia, Politics The power of the commissars in the Red Army is reduced. Formal military ranks are restored and military commanders are made solely responsible for operational decisions.
East Africa A British mission is sent into Ethiopia from the Sudan to organize resistance, especially in the Gojjam district, and to prepare for the return of the emperor to the country.
German Planning Annoyed at the Swiss refusal to follow a pro-German line and break relations with Allied nations, Hitler orders a plan for the invasion of Switzerland. Although produced, the increasing focus on Russia will result in the plan’s scrapping.

August 12, 1941
Eastern Front Hitler issues Directive 34. Army Group North is ordered to continue its efforts against Leningrad. Army Group South is to begin attacks on the Crimea, Kharkov, and the Donets basin. Army Group Center is to assist the other formations.
France, Politics In a broadcast, Marshal Petain says that Germany is fighting “in defense of civilization” in the war against the Soviet Union. He announces new measures for the suppression of political parties and the creation of a stronger police force and special courts. Admiral Darlan is appointed to the Ministry of Defense.
United States, Politics Extension of the Selective Service Act is approved in the House by one vote, 203-202. Roosevelt signs the extension law on the 18th. This is unpopular among those already conscripted, many of whom threaten to desert once their twelve months are up. Many paint OHIO (Over the Hill in October) on the walls of their barracks. Actual desertions, however, are not as great as feared and unrest dies away after Pearl Harbor.

August 12-18, 1941
North Africa The Australian government has been pressing for their troops in Tobruk to be relieved and so in various night operations 6000 fresh troops from the Polish Carpathian Brigade are sent in and some 5000 Australians brought out.

August 12, 1942
Mediterranean The convoy and covering forces of Operation Pedestal are attacked constantly throughout the day. One merchantman is sunk in the morning, and in the evening, the carrier Indomitable is damaged and a destroyer sunk. The main covering force then withdraws on schedule. Later, two freighters are sunk, and two more cruisers, a transport, and a vital tanker are damaged.
Eastern Front Soviet counterattacks in the Rzhev area bring no result despite heavy fighting.
New Hebrides The Americans land reinforcements on Espiritu Santo to build a base to support the Guadalcanal campaign.
Allied Diplomacy Churchill arrives in Moscow for talks, essentially to apologize to Stalin for failing to create a Second Front in 1942.

August 12, 1943
Eastern Front In the Kharkov sector Chuguyev falls to the Soviets. The threat to Poltava, however, is more serious for if it is taken not only will the garrison of Kharkov almost certainly be cut off, but the German forces further south will also be in grave danger. The III Panzer Corps is therefore brought back north from the Taganrog area.
Solomons US advance guards land on Vella Lavella to prepare the way for the main body. There are only a few Japanese, but one company lands on the islet of Baanga and is driven back into the sea with heavy loss.

August 12, 1944
Western Front US XV Corps takes Alencon and reaches the outskirts of Argentan where 116th Panzer Division is in position. German units leave the Mortain area to try an attack against the flank of the advancing XV Corps.
The first PLUTO (Pipeline Under The Ocean) is completed carrying fuel from the Isle of Wight to Cherbourg.
Europe, Air Operations Joseph Kennedy, Jr., the ambassador’s eldest son, is killed when his PB4Y bombers explodes over the Channel while operating against V-Weapon sites.
Italy The South Africans complete the liberation of Florence. In response to partisan activity, the SS burns the village of Santa Anna di Stazzema, near Lucca, killing 560.
Allied Diplomacy Churchill meets in Naples with Tito. The royal government is not invited.
Eastern Front A counterattack by the AK in the Old Town manages to make some temporary gains.

August 12-30, 1944
Yugoslavia The Germans attack a large partisan concentration in Montenegro. The partisans are driven over the Lima River but lack of fuel and paratroops prevents a major success. The partisans move to threaten the communications lines south of Belgrade. In addition, the worsening situation concerning the Rumanians and Bulgarians causes the Germans to withdraw troops from Yugoslavia.

August 12, 1945
Korea The first Soviet forces enter northern Korea and take Najin by amphibious attack.
Manchuria Muchang and Kunchung fall to the Soviets. Spearheads of 1st Far Eastern Front reach Mutanchiang. Some overambitious spearheads suffer from local counterattacks. Japanese suicide tactics are also new to the Russians.
Ryukyu Islands The battleship Pennsylvania is damaged by air attack.

August 12, 1946
Diplomatic Relations The USSR demands joint control of military bases along the Dardanelles and proposes to Turkey that only Black Sea countries share in the administration of the Straits. Turkey rejects the Soviet demands on October 18.
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