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Old April 25th, 2012, 11:31 AM   #190
Ennath
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April 25, 1915
Western Front At Ypres, the Germans again take Lizerne. British counterattacks at St. Julien fail. In Alscace, the Germans capture Hartmannsweilerkopf, but lose it again to French counterattacks.
Eastern Front There is severe fighting near Styrj.
Dardanelles The Allied landings on Gallipoli begin at dawn. General Ian Hamilton remains aboard the Queen Elizabeth, only remotely in touch with events. Part of the fleet enters the Gulf of Saros and opens up on the Turkish defenses at Bulair. Receiving the initial reports, Liman von Sanders assumes that the main point of the invasion must be Bulair and he heads there. French troops land at Kum Kale on the Asian shore across from Cape Helles and capture the fortress there. First ashore on the peninsula, the ANZAC (Australia-New Zealand Army Corps) troops under Sir William Birdwood land at Gaba Tepe – or what they think is Gaba Tepe. A current has driven their landing craft to the north, where they disembark into a small cove. They succeed in putting to flight the Turkish defenders there but quickly confront the cliffs of the Sari Bair ridge. Some Australian troops ascend the ridge and push inland after the retreating Turks. But Kemal appears on the scene, rallying the retreating soldiers and sends his own battalion in a suicidal charge to thwart the Australians’ advance, depriving the Anzacs of a victory and keeping command of the heights. British troops under Sir Aylmer Hunter-Weston land at Cape Helles near Sedd el Bahr after the Turkish defenses have been shelled for over an hour. But the Turks weather the bombardment and reemerge from their dugouts to fire on British troops before they can disembark from their landing craft launched from the River Clyde. Though some manage to wade ashore and reach the safety of a hidden beach, the carnage is frightful. The relentless defensive fire ends this landing attempt. Only 200 British soldiers are ashore. Elsewhere at the Cape, British landings succeed, with a base being created near Tekke Burnu and troops scale the high ground at Eski Hissarik Point to establish a base on the heights above. A third force lands unopposed at Y Beach, four miles up the western coast. They could march to the rescue at Sedd el Bahr, but they have no way of knowing what is happening at the other beaches and so sit tight awaiting orders to advance. Hunter-Weston never responds to their queries. Both Birdwood and Hunter-Weston, like their chief, remain aboard ship, so no major Allied commander is in direct touch with events. And as the brigade commanders have been wounded or killed, there is no senior officer on shore to provide direction.
Black Sea Russian ships shell the Bosporus forts.
German East AfricaThe Königsberg is photographed from the air, the first use of an airplane in sub-Saharan Africa.

April 25, 1916
North Sea In an effort to support the Easter Rising, German battlecruisers bombard Great Yarmouth and Lowestoft. Four people are killed. The Harwich Force, under Commodore Tyrwhitt, drives them off, though losing a submarine in the skirmish. The Germans lose two U-Boats and the battlecruiser Seydlitz hits a mine and must undergo repairs. Although Room 40 had apprised Admiral David Beatty that ships from the High Seas Fleet were approaching, the information comes too late for him to reach the scene in time.
Ireland Martial law is proclaimed in Dublin. Fighting spreads in the city.
Macedonia There is fighting in the Gevgeli sector.

April 25, 1917
Western Front, Aisne A German counterattack at the Chemin des Dames fails.
Macedonia Concluding that the Bulgarian defenses at Lake Doiran are impregnable, the British withdraw.
Allied Diplomacy Marshal Joffre and a French delegation begin a visit to Washington to discuss war tactics with American officials.

April 25, 1918
Western Front German attacks reach Mount Kemmel. The Allies lose, but then recapture Villers-Bretonneux. The German attack here is accompanied by 13 tanks. The British and Australians converge 20 tanks for the counterattack, leading to the first tank versus tank action in history. A German attack in the Woevre sector is stopped.
North Sea Scheer has brought the High Seas Fleet out of the Jade Basin to attack British ships convoying a Scandinavian merchant fleet, but he has been misinformed as to their whereabouts and has turned back. The battlecruiser Moltke develops serious problems, losing a propeller and a gear wheel, and must be towed. The Moltke’s call for help alerts the British. Admiral Beatty dispatches the Grand Fleet, now harbored at Rosyth, to give chase. But they are too late, as Scheer’s fleet reaches safety, with only the Moltke, now under its own power, limping behind. A British submarine hits her with a torpedo, but the wounded German ship makes it to harbor.
Finland Finnish and German troops link up 30 miles north of Helsinki.
Eastern Front German troops are approaching Sevastopol.

April 25, 1920
Middle East The British assume control of their League of Nations mandates in Palestine and Mesopotamia. The French are awarded a mandate in Syria..
Diplomatic Relations An agreement is signed whereby the Soviets agree to supply arms to the Turkish Nationalists.

April 25-May 7, 1920
Eastern Europe The Poles launch an offensive in Ukraine, driving for Kiev with the support of anti-Communist Ukrainians. Kiev falls on May 7 and Polish general Josef Pilsudski prepares to swing north behind the Pripet Marshes to hit Soviet Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky in the rear. The plan is, however, too ambitious for the forces and logistical backup available to him.
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